Memo Report †Starbucks

As you recently mentioned I have worked out a reminder report on; what Starbucks have done previously, what they are doing now and how we can gain from them. It is imperative to see what contenders do when there are wild economic situations, so there can be a simpler adjusting process. Starbucks have 11. 000 stores around the world, and they serve in excess of 40 million clients every week and even with these tremendous numbers Starbucks keeps on developing. The explanation Starbucks is as yet developing is that; individuals adores the items that Starbucks give, yet there is a whole other world to it, Starbucks is additionally a dearest brand. They have a wide item range and they are exceptionally inventive, continually making new items to continue being fascinating. The smart thing about this is you never become weary of the brand in light of the fact that it’s continually creating itself, making it an extremely viable business system. As I would see it there is the chance of following the model that Starbucks have set, it’s difficult to contend with the rationales of a continually broadening item go that is both imaginative and high caliber. Starbucks meet the customer’s needs before they even realize that they need it. They think of thoughts quicker than most other espresso places, making it for all intents and purposes difficult to reprimand the profundity of their item extend as it is continually growing. A case of the inventive side of Starbucks could be the new â€Å"Instant coffee† that Starbuck have recently included their item run. The item comprises of a little parcel of espresso that a client can convey with them and make espresso all over, all they need is water. It would obviously be an extraordinary thought to be increasingly imaginative at Cafe Nero, as it would fulfill a more extensive scope of clients. Anyway one must have at the top of the priority list that Starbucks is a massive overall chain and along these lines can stand to have entire divisions just made to make new items. It is, hence, unrealistic to be as inventive as Starbucks, however that shouldn’t prevent us from attempting. I propose that we should take a gander at what Starbucks have done, for instance with the â€Å"Instant coffee† yet while we do that we likewise need to recollect that our image name need to remain our own, eaning that we can't attempt to duplicate what contenders do, however that we need to design our own prosperity. There is another significant angle; the current purchaser patterns and the financial downturn that ought not be overlooked when we consider how we can be progressively effective. At the point when individuals become progressiv ely scared of their future monetary circumstance they will be more averse to go through cash, implying that a very rationale proposition is bring down the costs on our items. Espresso is turning out to be increasingly more like a culture, for some even a dependence, a few people can’t even beginning their prior day they have had their morning espresso. In view of this, one could make the simple decision that there is an interest for espresso and that we could subsequently raise our costs. Notwithstanding, I accept that both our present and future clients would value a bringing down of our costs, so in a transient period it would presumably bring down our salary, yet I accept that on long haul it would make more clients and make our present clients more joyful and progressively faithful to our image. At the point when the economy in the long run begins showing signs of improvement, perhaps going to a financial blast it would be a likelihood to gradually raising our costs back to a progressively ordinary level since individuals have a sense of security about the future and in this manner will be bound to go through cash. When taking a gander at the current customer patterns I think it’s safe to state that buyers love variety and imagination. There isn’t an exceptionally huge market for normal espresso any longer; customers need to see various items and experience various flavors. The purpose of this is Starbucks adjust to this pattern by continually attempting to develop their image with new items, and yet they remain consistent with their image and they don’t bargain on quality; that is the thing that made their prosperity. These things that I have arranged are what I have discovered that we at Cafe Nero can gain from Starbucks, I for one accept that Starbucks is a decent wellspring of motivation and reverence as they have prevailing from numerous points of view. However, what we likewise need to recollect is that we additionally need to remain consistent with ourselves and not become something that we are definitely not. Let Starbucks be Starbucks, and let us be Cafe Nero.

APUSH Research Paper Essays

APUSH Research Paper Essays APUSH Research Paper APUSH Research Paper The late 1800s and mid 1900s, during the time of post Emancipation, the United States was a time of character investigation, illumination, and strengthening, just as interdivision, segregation, and adjustment for the African American people groups. Social revolutionists like Marcus Garvey and job demonstrated business people like Madam CJ Walker were among the numerous blacks that impacted the national dark network during their season of battle and quest for cultural and prudent course. Walker and Garvey both strived for the progression of their kin, yet had distinctive long haul consequences for blacks and plans for what's to come. Walkers utilization of Eurocentric beliefs to improve Black highlights socially and financially conveyed her higher than any lady, not to mention dark lady, in the business world. Her utilization of commercials made a standard of dark excellence in America that would pick up acknowledgment. Garveys endeavors to make a development extolling Afrocentric culture and way of life brought about analysis from his own kin and government consideration. These chronicled fgures in the African American people group were a piece of a dependable clash of personality inside the dark race and the continuation of building up a dark American culture totally not quite the same as African culture, making a divergence between being African and African American. Madam CJ Walker, conceived Sarah Breedlove, was the first of her family naturally introduced to opportunity in 1867 in Delta, Louisiana. With the timeframes absence of indoor pipes, focal warming, and power, most Americans washed rarely, causing individuals like Walker to encounter male pattern baldness and scalp ailment. Walker explored different avenues regarding home solutions for discover a fix. Before long, she built up her own line of hair care and moved all through the ountry to major mechanical urban communities like Pittsburgh and Indianapolis to spread its utilization. In Pittsburgh, Walker set up Lelia College in 1908 to taught hair culturists and grow her realm. It was in Indianapolis that she opened her home office and plant. With her prosperity, Walker had faith in engaging the dark network by giving a spot where they can create aptitudes to become effective business people. Her organizations instructed and prepared dark ladies to assemble and oversee themselves in the business world. She additionally gave addresses on social, financial, and policy centered issues supported by dark establishments. As time went on and blacks scattered all through American culture, racial brutality and separation in the South turned into the social standard. Jim Crow Laws authorized in 1876 during the addition of Reconstruction lawfully isolated blacks from whites and made the disdain of the dark race. After the East St. Louis Race Riot, Madam CJ Walker joined with the pioneers of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in their endeavors to bring lynching as a felony. Through her endeavors to help dark headway, Walker gave a lot of her income to rganizations like the NAACP, dark schools, halfway houses, and retirement homes and was recognized in 1918 at the biennial show of the National Association of Colored Women (NACW) for making the biggest commitment to spare the Anacostia a $250,000 home in New York which was worked by the principal authorized dark draftsman in New York State, Vertner Tandy. At no other time had a dark lady from the south conceived of slave guardians ascend the social and financial stepping stool to progress and become the wealthiest African-American lady in America and known to be simply the main made female American tycoon. Between the 1890s and mid 1900s, blacks battled with white acknowledgment, and regularly went to extraordinary measures to cause themselves to seem to have enough white blood in them to fight themselves from the most noticeably awful sorts of separation. Subjection denied Africans of the regular oils and herbs they used to keep up solid hair, in this way framing the meaning of the word nappy as frothing to depict the unusual tangled surface of the slaves hair which has become an approach to additionally disparage Black hair. The countries social, political, and financial framework had been dictated by racial appearance and principles. Madam CJ Walkers hair care item promotions frequently portrayed European highlights on a dark lady, suggesting that the more white you are, the more wonderful, socially acknowledged, and equipped for accomplishing a superior life you are. On one mark, Walker herself is portrayed with long, straight hair and fair complexion. This name sends the message to her clients that they also can accomplish this delicious, Eurocentric hair when they utilize this item, guaranteeing an all the more engaging and Americanized perspective on dark excellence. Another promotion for Madam CJ Walkers wonder items shows a lady with White highlights, ossibly depicting that Walkers items could chip away at a hair, or publicizing a look that everybody ought to accomplish to keep up their general public endorsed womanhood. Regardless of Walkers bewildering achievements as a post-Emancipation dark lady, her developments and objectives toward helping blacks make progress added to the valuation for Eurocentric culture, perfect of self-loathing inside the dark networks, and development of the conviction that African highlights were not lovely. These adjustments to American cultural gauges were a methods for endurance for Walker and ther blacks who utilized Eurocentric approaches to make a socially acknowledged life for themselves. These methods of living and picking up acknowledgment in the white networks made a gap between blacks who celebrated and strived to maintain Afrocentric conventions like Marcus Garvey. Jamaican political pioneer, Marcus Mosiah Garvey, Jr. was conceived in 1887 and became numerous things including an undaunted defender of the Black Nationalism and Pan-Africanism developments. He established some genius dark Communities League, the Black Star Line, some portion of the Back-to-Africa development, which advanced the arrival of the African diaspora to their genealogical grounds. His capacity to realize a mass development and monetary strengthening for Africa made the perfect of Garveyism. Impacted by Booker T. Washington, Garvey got insightful as a youngster from perusing books from his dads broad library. He went to Birkbeck College in London, taking Eurocentric instruction to use furthering his potential benefit in applying his insight to driving a country of intellectually and financially broken individuals. The mid 1900s in the northern conditions of America was a time of Black headway and pride. During the Harlem Renaissance period, when blacks built up a culture of rts, writing, governmental issues, and another social character, Garvey started distributing his generally spread paper, Negro World, in August of 1918. As the editorial manager, he utilized the paper as a way to spread dark patriotism through a regular essential source to those of African family line at home and abroad. Garveys Negro Magazine gave blacks a scholarly public activity (motivation) that was never achievable as slaves. The magazine was solid with uplifting statements and pride that urged blacks to continue battling and be glad for their family line. This choice of following Eurocentric or following Afrocentric standards and culture separated blacks along scholarly lines. Ga o. ey was censured by his own race for needing to engage blacks and take them back to their country, where they can populate and live without the neediness, savagery, and bigotry in America. In a portion from the article Africa for Africans from Garveys paper, Negro World, he talks on the individuals who are restricted of his endeavors to proceed with the Pan-African Movement. One manager and pioneer ventured to such an extreme as to state at his Pan-African Congress that American Negroes couldn't live in Africa, on the grounds that the atmosphere was excessively hot. A wide range of contentions have been cited by these Negro educated people against the colonization of Africa by the dark race. Some said that the dark man would at last work out his reality close by of the white man in nations established and built up by the last mentioned (Garvey). Garveys com posed thoughts of individuals returning to their unique mainlands to rebuild social harmony are communicated in this selection from Negro World. He expounds on his sentiments towards the Negro erudite people, he calls them, who are trying to claim ignorance and restricted to his thoughts of an Afrocentric strengthening development. The reactions and restrictions from instructed blacks in observing themselves intrinsically unique in relation to Africans follows the issue of the developing separation among Africans and African Americans. It additionally presents the dread that racial oppressors will have one more purpose behind racial viciousness towards blacks, as communicated in a letter sent to Harry M. Daugherty, United States Attorney General. African American pioneers restricted to Garveys plans to spread among Negroes doubt and scorn of every single white individuals, compose this source entitled, Garvey Must Go, in would like to uphold Federal inclusion to catch Garvey. This letter attempts to clarify that not all blacks follow Garvey, to make realized that these particular blacks in New York composing the letter are acceptable and submissive regular citizens. This archive portrays Garvey as a remote brutal hazard to all Americans and appears to need security from the whites in power so they dont start to imagine that all blacks in America are getting ready to revolt. Thus the interdivision among blacks mentally and financially, came about in Garveys long haul objectives positive approach to propel Negro Americans in the public arena, be that as it may, motivated religions, such s the Nation of Islam and Rastafari development, and enlivened more Afrocentric pride in the long periods of the Harlem Renaissance and further improvement of Amer

Freud and the Unconscious Mind

Freud and the Unconscious Mind Theories Cognitive Psychology Print Understanding the Unconscious Freuds Conceptualization of the Unconscious By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Updated on May 13, 2019 J.W. Burkey / Getty Images More in Theories Cognitive Psychology Behavioral Psychology Developmental Psychology Personality Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology In Freuds psychoanalytic theory of personality, the unconscious mind is a reservoir of feelings, thoughts, urges, and memories that outside of our conscious awareness. Most of the contents of the unconscious are unacceptable or unpleasant, such as feelings of pain, anxiety, or conflict. According to Freud, the unconscious continues to influence our behavior and experience even though we are unaware of these underlying influences. The Unconscious Mind: Below the Surface of Awareness When thinking of the unconscious mind, it can be helpful to compare the mind to an iceberg. Everything above the water represents conscious awareness  while everything below the water represents the unconscious. Consider how an iceberg would look if you could see it in its entirety. Only a small part of the iceberg is actually visible above the water. What you cannot see from the surface is the enormous amount of ice that makes up the bulk of the iceberg, submerged deep below in the water. The things that represent our conscious awareness are simply the tip of the iceberg. The rest of the information that is outside of conscious awareness lies below the surface. While this information might not be accessible consciously, it still exerts an influence over current behavior. Freud believed that many of our feelings, desires, and emotions are repressed or held out of awareness. Why? Because, he suggested, they were simply too threatening. Freud believed that sometimes these hidden desires and wishes make themselves known through dreams and slips of the tongue (aka Freudian slips). Freud believed that all of our basic instincts and urges were also contained in the unconscious mind. The life and death instincts, for example, were found in the unconscious. The life instincts, sometimes known as the sexual instincts, are those that are related to survival. The death instincts include such things as thoughts of aggression, trauma, and danger. Such urges kept out of consciousness because our conscious minds often view them as unacceptable or irrational. In order to keep these urges out of awareness, Freud suggested that people often utilize a number of different defense mechanisms to prevent them from rising to awareness. How Is Unconscious Information Brought Into Awareness? There are a few different ways that information from the unconscious might be brought into conscious awareness, according to Freud. Free Association: Freud also believed that he could bring these unconscious feelings into awareness through the use of a technique called free association. He asked patients to relax and say whatever came to mind without any consideration of how trivial, irrelevant, or embarrassing it might be. By tracing these streams of thought, Freud believed he could uncover the contents of the unconscious mind where repressed desires and painful childhood memories existed. Dream Interpretation: Freud also suggested that dreams were another route to the unconscious. While information from the unconscious mind may sometimes appear in dreams, he believed that it was often in a disguised form. Dream interpretation often involves examining the literal content of a dream (known as the manifest content) to try to uncover the hidden, unconscious meaning of the dream (the latent content). Freud also believed that dreams were a form of wish fulfillment. Because these unconscious urges could not be expressed in waking life, he believed they find expression in dreams. Criticisms The very idea of the existence of the unconscious has not been without controversy. A number of researchers have criticized the notion and dispute that there is actually an unconscious mind at all.   More recently in the field of cognitive psychology, researchers have focused on automatic and implicit functions to describe things that were previously attributed to the unconscious. According to this approach, there are many cognitive functions that take place outside of our conscious awareness.  This research may not support Freuds conceptualization of the unconscious mind, yet it does offer evidence that things that we are not aware of consciously may still have an influence on our behaviors. Unlike early psychoanalytic approaches to the unconscious, research within the field of cognitive psychology is driven by scientific investigations and empirical data supporting the existence of these automatic cognitive processes. A Word From Verywell While Sigmund Freud did not invent the concept of the unconscious mind, he did popularize it to the point that it is largely associated with his psychoanalytic theories. The notion of the unconscious continues to play a role in modern psychology as researchers strive to understand how the mind operates outside of conscious awareness. Is It Possible to Overcome Implicit Bias?

Impact of Mental Illness on Families Essay - 3212 Words

When mental illness first strikes, family members may deny the person has a continuing illness. During the acute episode family members will be alarmed by what is happening to their loved one. When the episode is over and the family member returns home, everyone will feel a tremendous sense of relief. All involved want to put this painful time in the past and focus on the future. Many times, particularly when the illness is a new phenomenon in the family, everyone may believe that since the person is now doing very well that symptomatic behavior will never return. They may also look for other answers, hoping that the symptoms were caused by some other physical problem or external stressors that can be removed. For example, some families†¦show more content†¦A consumer describes how his priest has helped this to happen in his congregation. St. Peters has established a health ministry. One of the charges of the health ministry was to establish a mental health subcommittee. One of its responsibilities is to continually bring to the congregation, through the Sunday bulletins, items about mental illness. We also put books in the library and a poster about support groups on the bulletin board. We let people know that others are up front about this. So, maybe they will come out of the closet and ask for the help they need from those of us who deal with this every day. Understanding Frustration, Helplessness and Anxiety It is difficult for anyone to deal with strange thinking and bizarre and unpredictable behavior. Imagine what it must be for families of people with mental illness. It is bewildering, frightening and exhausting. Even when the person is stabilized on medication, the apathy and lack of motivation can be frustrating. A mother mentions how her daughter, when asked to put her clothes in the closet, looked at the freshly pressed blouses for over an hour before making a move to hang them up. What was a matter of routine for this young woman in the past, now seemed to take an inordinate amount of time. Even though the parent knew it was not so, she had to fight the feeling that her daughter was deliberately not doing this one, small task. Another parent described howShow MoreRelatedMental Illness Is Nothing But Brain Illness1466 Words   |  6 PagesMental Illness is Nothing But Brain Illness Is there anything more frustrating than finding out that scientific theories that were considered great ideas back then if applied to today’s world should be tossed away? These theories are not a secret and I can go on and on; but similar to these scientific theories, there is a theory about the mental illness are brain illnesses. This is not true because a mental illness is referred to as â€Å"a wide range of mental health conditions that affects your moodRead MoreMental Illness Affects Numerous Individuals In America,1424 Words   |  6 PagesMental illness affects numerous individuals in America, with nearly 43.8 million adults in America living with a serious illness (Mental health facts in America, n.d). Many of these adults suffering with a mental illness also play the role of a mother, father, or caregiver. According to Costea (2011), â€Å"†¦31% of American women and about 17% of men have a 12-month prevalence of at least one psychiatric disorder, and of th ose 65% are mothers and 52% are fathers†. However, research focuses on the individualsRead MoreMental Health is Working on Issues that have Roots in the Mind542 Words   |  3 Pagesaspects of mental health that should be considered when working in the field of social work. 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According to Mcdougall (2013), the life expectancy for people with mental illness is 15 to 20 year lower than other AustraliansRead MoreHealthy Minds Movie Analysis Essay1027 Words   |  5 PagesHealthy Minds Character Analysis 1. Using evidence, explain if Charlie has a mental illness? Describe the symptoms and behaviours that are specific to the mental illness that you believe he has. The behaviour that the main protagonist Charlie displays throughout the film indicate that he is suffering from a mental illness, possibly multiple ones. A deviant behaviour that he shows in the film is his tendency to confide in his diary instead of talking to the people around him. He refers to the diaryRead MoreThe Effects Of Bipolar Disorder On Individuals, Families And Society1109 Words   |  5 PagesMental illness is a leading cause of disability in Canada. All Canadians are likely to be indirectly affected through a mental illness in a family, friend or colleague. 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Essay On Classification Of Avian Avulavirus Serotype-1

Classification of Avian Avulavirus serotype-1 The causative agent of ND, is now classified as a species Avian avulavirus serotype-1 (AAV-1). Recently, the 10th annual International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV, EC 48, Budapest, Hungary, August 2016), categorized the virus as a member of the genus Avulavirus of the paramyxoviridae family (Alexander, 1997) in the order of mononegavirales (Knipe and Hetsley, 2001; Mayo, 2002; Murphy et al., 1995; Afonso et al., 2016). The order mononegavirales has undergone several changes in 2017 ICTV report. It’s comprised of eight families hosting viruses with non-segmented, linear, single-stranded and negative-sense RNA. The designated Paramyxoviridae family is now where the causative agent of†¦show more content†¦Several antigenic and genetic diversity are recognized (Aldous et al., 2003; Alexander, 1997; Kim et al., 2007) using molecular-based techniques for analyzing the genome sizes (Knipe and Hetsley, 2001). The classification schemes adopted for Avian Avulavirus-1, is based on the sequences and phylogenetic analysis of HN, L, M and F genes and these have been advanced to group isolates (Aldous et al., 2003; Liu et al., 2011; Miller et al., 2010; Pedersen, 2010). Depending on the researcher’s preference, nominal differences arise in the grouping of isolates. Using genotypes or genetic lineages proposed by Aldous et al., Avian Avulavirus-1 is placed in serotype-1 with six lineages and 13 sublineages (AVV-1) (Aldous et al., 2003), to which three other sublineages were added (Snoeck, et al 2009). Most ND vaccines are grouped under Class II, genotype I and II while genotype III - X are velogenic that might be used as challenge viruses in vaccination experiments. Using the genome size scheme, Avian Avulavirus-1 is placed into six lineages (1 to 6) (Alexander and Senne, 2008). Detailed analysis reveals sub-lineages in lineage 3 and 4 (a to d) and in lineage 5 (a to e). On the other hand, using genomic characterization and restriction site mapping of HN, F and L

Swaziland Free Essays

Swaziland Death tolls in Swaziland continue to rise while mounting pressure of the economy and lack of control brings Swaziland to the brink of disaster. Bordered between South Africa and Mozambique, Swaziland is a tiny country that contains 1. 2 million citizens. We will write a custom essay sample on Swaziland or any similar topic only for you Order Now This country was promised independence by the British in the late 19th century. It was then granted to Swaziland in 1968. The current leader of Swaziland is King Mwsati III and the Deputy Prime Minister is Themba Masuka. While balancing a monarchy government and a crippled economy, King Mwsati is trying everything in his power to get Swaziland back on track. The death toll of HIV/AIDS is getting worse because of the lack of money the government funds to help prevent this deadly disease. Due to the consistent low Gross Domestic Product Swaziland receives each year, the government struggles to provide money which could help the country by offering education, treatment, and medicine. HIV/AIDS has taken over almost the entire country of Swaziland’s 1. 2 million citizens. Swaziland’s biggest problem continues to be the extremely high death toll due to a disease known as HIV/AIDS. According to Avert. om, â€Å"HIV is a virus that can only infect human beings†. This virus weakens your immune system by destroying important cells that fight diseases and continues to reproduce throughout the entire human body, if it goes untreated. AIDS is the final stage of the HIV infection. You retain the disease when your immune system is not working properly, or in other words, when your immune system becomes ‘deficient’. Thi s disease can spread dramatically through contact with an affected person’s body fluids from sharing hypodermic needles associated with drugs. Currently in Swaziland, about three in every one hundred people are infected with HIV and about seven thousand people die each year. More than seventy thousand children have been orphaned throughout the country because they have been diagnosed with HIV/AIDS. The Swaziland government is trying everything in their power to limit this virus, but they cannot fulfill their plans due to stubborn people or lack of money the country inherits. As the current economic conditions worsen, the ability to assist those with HIV/Aids becomes difficult due to the lack of food and water. People have resorted to eating cow dung for nourishment as they need to have food when they take their medicine. With water being limited, due to the constant droughts; they have turned towards drinking the urine of animals. This has made it even more difficult for the government to assist. Swaziland is a small nation struggling for growth in their economy. Currently, Swaziland’s GDP has only increased by 0. 3% in the past year. Compared to other countries, Swaziland is ranked 191 out of 216 countries in the GDP growth rate. Swaziland has had numerous road blocks that have affected them leading up to a poor economy. This includes droughts, low agricultural activity, and the devastating effects of HIV/AIDS that have contributed to the many factors of struggling country. The increased spending for transfers, wages, and subsidies has not helped the economy but has led to budget deficits. Another economic problem for Swaziland is the lack of exports the country provides for other countries. According to Wikipedia. com, â€Å"The Swazi economy is very closely linked to the South African economy, from which it receives over 90% of its imports and to which it sends about 70% of its exports†. Because Swaziland is blockaded from the ocean, not many countries trade with Swaziland but trade with South Africa. Countries around the world believe Swaziland’s trading goods are not the best due to the disease of HIV/AIDs that has taken almost the whole population. Since Swaziland’s economy is slowly sinking or as stated by the Times of Swaziland, an â€Å"Economic Crisis†, the government will continue to struggle and provide the funding needed to prevent the major effect of HIV/AIDS that has taken over the country. Even though Swaziland has major economic and medical issues to address, the government still has a chance to turn it around if they can educate and assist the Swazis on what needs to be done. All Swazis agree that budget cuts are needed due to the financial crisis they are in, but they cannot agree on what should be done. Limiting the virus of HIV/AIDS could help the economy tremendously because less people will die each year causing more people to work and redistributing funds for other means. Families are breaking down and the percentage of orphans is increasing. The extended family support is declining with no one to look after the orphans or other family members, but if more treatment is available more healthy Swazis can be productive. By more people being able to work creates more goods to trade which can increase the GDP. If the economy recovers, many budget cuts will be eliminated and more funding toward HIV/AIDS will be spent. If the Swazis listen to the government and buy into a well-defined economic plan, I believe the country will slowly start to change and be on the road to recovery. How to cite Swaziland, Papers

Midsummer Nights Dream And Romeo And Juliet Essays -

Midsummer Nights Dream And Romeo And Juliet Certain parallels can be drawn between William Shakespeare's plays, "A Midsummer Night's Dream", and "Romeo and Juliet". These parallels concern themes and prototypical Shakespearian character types. Both plays have a distinct pair of 'lovers', Hermia and Lysander, and Romeo and Juliet, respectively. Both plays could have also easily been tragedy or comedy with a few simple changes. A tragic play is a play in which one or more characters have a moral flaw that lead to his/her downfall. A comedic play has at least one humorous character, and a successful or happy ending. Comparing these two plays is useful to find how Shakespeare uses similar character types in a variety of plays, and the versatility of the themes which he uses. In "Romeo and Juliet", Juliet is young, "not yet fourteen", and she is beautiful, and Romeo's reaction after he sees her is: "O, she doth teach the torches to burn bright! It seems she hangs upon the cheek of night As a rich jewel in an Ethiop's ear Beauty to rich for use, for the earth too dear!" Juliet is also prudent, "Although I joy in thee, I have no joy in this contract tonight. It is too rash, too unadvised, too sudden." She feels that because they have just met, they should abstain from sexual intercourse. Hermia is also young, and prudent. When Lysander suggests that "One turf shall serve as a pillow for both of us, One heart, one bed, two bosoms, and one troth," Hermia replies "Nay, good Lysander. For my sake, my dear, Lie further off yet; do not lie so near." Although this couple has known each other for a while (Romeo and Juliet knew each other for one night when the above quote was spoken), Hermia also abstains from even sleeping near Lysander even though she believes he does not have impure intentions. Romeo's and Juliet's families are feuding. Because of these feuds, their own parents will not allow the lovers to see each other. In the a differnet way Hermia is not allowed to marry Lysander. Hermia's father Egeus says to Theseus, Duke of Athens: "Full of vexation come I, with complaint Against my child, my daughter Hermia. Stand fourth, Demetrius. My noble lord, This man hath my consent to marry her. Stand forth, Lysander. And, my gracious Duke, This man hath bewitched the bosom of my child." Egeus tells the Duke that his daughter can marry Demetrius, not Lysander. Hermia replies ". . . If I refuse to wed Demetrius," Egeus replies "Either to die the death, or to abjure for ever the society of men." If Hermia does go against her father's wishes, and weds Lysander, she will either be put to death, or be forced to become a nun. Both pairs of lovers also seek help from another. Juliet and Romeo seek Friar Lawrence, and Lysander and Hermia seek Lysander's aunt, who lives in the woods near Athens. Both sets of youths have the same character type. They are young, their love is prohibited, both women are prudent, and both seek the help of an adult. Yet they have their subtle differences. For example, Lysander, never mentioned a love before Hermia. Romeo loved Rosaline, before he loved Juliet. Hermia's family and Lysander's family were not feuding, whereas the Montagues' and Capulets' feude was central to the plot of the play. The stories of "Romeo and Juliet" and "A Midsummer Night's Dream" are very different however. "A Midsummer Night's Dream" is a comedy. Oberon, king of the fairies, sends a mischievous imp named, Puck, to play a trick on the queen of the fairies, Titania, and on a pair of Athenian youth. Puck turns Nick Bottom's head into that of an ass (Nick Bottom is the man in the play production within "A Midsummer Night's Dream"; he tried to play every part), and places an herb on Titania that causes her to fall in love with him. This is quite humorous. However, at the end of the play all the couples are back together, with the ones they love. Thus Lysander and Hermia do get married. If Egeus had showed up at the wedding, he could have killed her. Egeus' dominate nature is his 'flaw', and if he would have attended the wedding, and killed his daughter, this play could have been a tragedy. Likewise, "Romeo and Juliet", could have been a comedy. The first two acts of this play qualifies it as a comedy. In act I, Sampson and Gregory,